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Macros as Abstractions: Simplifying Code Generation for Lingua Franca

Reference

Tassilo Tanneberger, Erling R. Jellum, Jeronimo Castrillon, Edward A. Lee, "Macros as Abstractions: Simplifying Code Generation for Lingua Franca" (to appear), In IEEE Embedded Systems Letters, special issue on Time-Centric Reactive Software (TCRS, ESWeek 2025), IEEE, Oct 2026.

Abstract

Current Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are fundamentally reactive, and current programming methods suffer from compatibility and concurrency bugs due to manual software integration. Although Lingua Franca's (LF) reactor model ensures deterministic execution, making CPS applications safer and more reliable, existing runtimes such as reactor-c struggle to support resource-constrained embedded devices. This paper presents reactor-uc's code generator and macro interface, a lightweight runtime that uses object-oriented C patterns and a macro-based interface to eliminate dynamic memory allocation and simplify code generation. Evaluation results show that reactor-uc produces code that is one-third the size and has half the cyclomatic complexity of reactor-c, as well as smaller binaries, while maintaining comparable performance on benchmarks.

Bibtex

@Article{tanneberger_ieeeesl-tcrs26,
author = {Tassilo Tanneberger and Erling R. Jellum and Jeronimo Castrillon and Edward A. Lee},
title = {Macros as Abstractions: Simplifying Code Generation for Lingua Franca},
Abstract = {Current Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are fundamentally reactive, and current programming methods suffer from compatibility and concurrency bugs due to manual software integration. Although Lingua Franca's (LF) reactor model ensures deterministic execution, making CPS applications safer and more reliable, existing runtimes such as reactor-c struggle to support resource-constrained embedded devices. This paper presents reactor-uc's code generator and macro interface, a lightweight runtime that uses object-oriented C patterns and a macro-based interface to eliminate dynamic memory allocation and simplify code generation. Evaluation results show that reactor-uc produces code that is one-third the size and has half the cyclomatic complexity of reactor-c, as well as smaller binaries, while maintaining comparable performance on benchmarks.},
journal = {IEEE Embedded Systems Letters, special issue on Time-Centric Reactive Software (TCRS, ESWeek 2025)},
month = oct,
Location = {Barcelona, Spain},
numpages = {4},
publisher = {IEEE},
year = {2026},
}

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